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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) - Qatar (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) z Qatar (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001)Qatar (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsQatar
Administrative divisions - 10 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Sa'id, Umm Salal
Age structure - 0-14 years: 24.2% (male 103,660; female 99,597)


15-64 years: 72.7% (male 426,559; female 184,067)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 19,306; female 7,101) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish
Airports - 4 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


over 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total:
5 sq km

land:
5 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 11,437 sq km


land: 11,437 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Recent geological explorations have indicated promising petroleum formations. Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.
Birth rate - 15.6 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $8.202 billion


expenditures: $6.981 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.2 billion (2003 est.)
Capital - Doha
Climate tropical arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Coastline 74.1 km 563 km
Constitution - provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution; in the 29 April 2003 referendum, 96.6% of Qatari voters approved the new constitution; on 8 June 2004 the new constitution came into force
Country name conventional long form:
Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands

conventional short form:
Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: State of Qatar


conventional short form: Qatar


local long form: Dawlat Qatar


local short form: Qatar


note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar
Currency - Qatari rial (QAR)
Death rate - 4.52 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $17.5 billion (2003 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Chase UNTERMEYER


embassy: Al-Luqta District, 22 February Road, Doha


mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha


telephone: [974] 488 4101


FAX: [974] 488 4298
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA


chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 and 274-1603


FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061


consulate(s) general: Houston
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - NA
Economy - overview no economic activity Oil and gas account for more than 55% of GDP, roughly 85% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Oil and gas have given Qatar a per capita GDP about 80% of that of the leading West European industrial countries. Proved oil reserves of 14.5 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 17.9 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total and third largest in the world. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves to offset the ultimate decline in oil production. Since 2000, Qatar has consistently posted trade surpluses largely because of high oil prices and increased natural gas exports.
Electricity - consumption - 8.616 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 9.264 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m


highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%
Exchange rates - Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.64 (2003), 3.64 (2002), 3.64 (2001), 3.64 (2000), 3.64 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince TAMIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected Heir Apparent by the monarch on 5 August 2003); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of Minister of Defense and Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces


head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996) Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998); First Deputy Prime Minister HAMAD bin JASIM bin JABIR Al Thani (since 16 September 2003; also Foreign Minister since 1992); Second Deputy Prime Minister Abdallah bin Hamad al-ATTIYAH (since 16 September 2003; also Energy Minister since NA 1992)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary


note: in April 2003, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council (CMC), which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services; the first election for the CMC was held in March 1999
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - petroleum products, fertilizers, steel
Exports - partners - Japan 46%, South Korea 18.5%, Singapore 9.5% (2003)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $17.54 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 0.4%


industry: 70.8%


services: 28.8% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $21,500 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 8.5% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 25 30 N, 51 15 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits
Heliports - 1 (2003 est.)
Highways - total: 1,230 km


paved: 1,107 km


unpaved: 123 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals
Imports - partners - US 12.2%, Japan 10.5%, Germany 9.6%, UK 8%, Italy 7.4%, UAE 6.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.9%, South Korea 5% (2003)
Independence - 3 September 1971 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 10% (2003 est.)
Industries - crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement
Infant mortality rate - total: 19.32 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 22.77 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2.3% (2003)
International organization participation - ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) 130 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal


note: under the new judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two court systems, civil and Islamic law, have been merged under a higher court, the Court of Cassation, to be established for appeals
Labor force - 140,000 (2003 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 60 km


border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (all grass and sand)		 arable land: 1.64%


permanent crops: 0.27%


other: 98.09% (2001)
Languages - Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
Legal system the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters
Legislative branch - unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)


note: no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since; the new constitution, which came into force on 8 June 2004, provides for a 45-member Consultative Council, or Majlis al-Shura; the public would elect two-thirds of the Majlis al-Shura; the Amir would appoint the remaining members
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.4 years


male: 70.9 years


female: 76.04 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 82.5%


male: 81.4%


female: 85% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
Map references Southeast Asia Middle East
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
12 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
Merchant marine - total: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 525,051 GRT/772,635 DWT


by type: cargo 4, chemical tanker 4, container 8, petroleum tanker 5, roll on/roll off 1


foreign-owned: Cambodia 1, Kuwait 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Land Force, Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN), Amiri Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $723 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 10% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 324,001


note: includes non-nationals (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 170,266 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 7,496 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 3 September (1971)
Nationality - noun: Qatari(s)


adjective: Qatari
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, fish
Net migration rate - 16.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 319 km; condensate/gas 209 km; gas 1,024 km; liquid petroleum gas 87 km; oil 702 km; oil/gas/water 41 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)		 840,290 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 2.74% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id)
Radio broadcast stations - AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)
Religions - Muslim 95%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 2.32 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 2.72 male(s)/female


total population: 1.89 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: modern system centered in Doha


domestic: NA


international: country code - 974; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
Telephones - main lines in use - 184,500 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 376,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001)
Terrain low with sand and coral mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel
Total fertility rate - 2.95 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 2.7% (2001)
Waterways none -
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